Britain / Parliament
Two Houses, different roles: a guide to Parliament
How the Commons and Lords contribute to legislation and scrutiny in the United Kingdom.
The elected chamber
The House of Commons is publicly elected. It debates major political issues and proposals for new laws, and holds the government to account.
The second chamber
The House of Lords complements the work of the Commons. It takes part in making laws, examining public policy and checking the work of government.
Read the parliamentary stage
A debate in one House is not the same as a completed law. When following a proposal, identify which House is considering it and what stage it has reached before drawing conclusions about its outcome.
Sources & verification
Sources consulted on 29 September 2026. Briefs distinguish the date of an event from the date of this edition.
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